Which one of the following describes a statement of difference between two states?

The term describing a statement of difference between two states is referred to as a "Gap." In the context of enterprise architecture and TOGAF, a gap identifies the disparity between an organization’s current state (the baseline) and its desired future state. This concept is pivotal for driving change, as recognizing the gaps informs strategic planning, helps in identifying necessary steps to transition from the baseline to the target state, and supports decision-making processes in alignment with organizational goals.

The identification of gaps also serves as a foundation for developing detailed roadmaps and action plans aimed at bridging these differences. It highlights not just the existing conditions but also gives insight into the objectives that need to be achieved to reach the intended future state. This term is widely utilized in various methodologies within enterprise architecture, emphasizing its importance in planning and implementing change within an organization.

While other terms like baseline, constraint, and deliverable play crucial roles in enterprise architecture and project management, they do not specifically denote the difference between two states. A baseline is the agreed starting point, a constraint refers to limitations that could affect execution, and a deliverable is the end result of project processes. Hence, "Gap" is the most accurate choice for describing the difference between two states.